Chemical Processing and the work of chemical engineer:-
By
1990 there were about 60,000 chemical engineers and 250,000 chemists gainfully
employed in United States. There are a modest number of self trained persons
and transfers from other fields of science and engineering who have entered the
chemical manufacturing. So probably around 200,000 professional persons are
engaged in chemical manufacturing in some fashion. Most chemical engineers work
for private industry. In 1981, surveys by the American institute of chemical
engineers (AIChE) showed over 90 percent
so employed in following functional area.
Area
|
%
|
Process
|
23.4
|
Research and development
|
23.0
|
Administration
|
9.3
|
production
|
7.7
|
Design
|
5.0
|
consulting
|
4.9
|
Project
management-construction
|
4.5
|
Environmental
engineering
|
4.1
|
Education
|
4.8
|
Product engineering
|
1.3
|
Maintenance
|
0.9
|
Quality control
|
0.7
|
Other
|
4.6
|
Source AIChE report
AUGUST 1981
The
wide spectrum of application shows that chemical engineers must be trained to
function in any phase of chemical manufacturing.
Commercial
chemical processing involves chemical conversions and physical operations and
presupposes factory scale equipment and chemical engineering experience. To
keep the factory from corroding away, resistant construction material must be
selected. Efficient plant operation requires instruments for recording and
controlling processing variables. Harmful impurities in raw materials must be
controlled and product purities monitored .Instruments that perform these
functions have largely replaced analytical chemists mainly because of lower
cost and for greater speeds.
Basic Chemical Data:-
Chemistry
is the basic science on which the chemical industries rest. The function of
chemical engineer is to apply the chemistry of a particular process through the
use of coordinated scientific and engineering principles. To do this
effectively, the engineer must develop the research laboratory results of
chemist into an economical chemical process. The most important single factor
in cost is usually the yield, which must be carefully differentiated from
conversions. Yield is that fractions of raw materials recovered as the main (or
desired) product. Conversion is that fraction changed to something else-by
products as well as products.
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